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Measurements of cosmic ray particles at energies above E = 5 x 10^{14} eV areperformed by large area ground based air shower experiments. Only they providethe collection power required for obtaining sufficient statistics at the lowflux levels involved. In this review we briefly outline the physics andastrophysics interests of such measurements and discuss in more detail variousexperimental techniques applied for reconstructing the energy and mass of theprimary particles. These include surface arrays of particle detectors as wellas observations of Cherenkov- and of fluorescence light. A large variety of airshower observables is then reconstructed from such data and used to infer theproperties of the primary particles via comparisons to air shower simulations.Advantages, limitations, and systematic uncertainties of different approacheswill be critically discussed.Comment: 11 pages, invited review presented at the 17th ECRS, Lodz, July 2000;  to appear in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physic

Methods of determination of the energy and mass of primary cosmic ray particles at extensive air shower energies