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The anisotropy in the electronic structure of the inherently nanolaminatedternary phase Cr$_{2}$GeC is investigated by bulk-sensitive and elementselective soft x-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy. The angle-resolvedabsorption/emission measurements reveal differences between the in-plane andout-of-plane bonding at the (0001) interfaces of Cr$_{2}$GeC. The Cr $L_{2,3}$,C $K$, and Ge $M_{1}$, $M_{2,3}$ emission spectra are interpreted withfirst-principles density-functional theory (DFT) including core-to-valencedipole transition matrix elements. For the Ge $4s$ states, the x-ray emissionmeasurements reveal two orders of magnitude higher intensity at the Fermi levelthan DFT within the General Gradient Approximation (GGA) predicts. We providedirect evidence of anisotropy in the electronic structure and the orbitaloccupation that should affect the thermal expansion coefficient and transportproperties. As shown in this work, hybridization and redistribution ofintensity from the shallow $3d$ core levels to the $4s$ valence band explainthe large Ge density of states at the Fermi level.

journal of physics. condensed matter

The origin of anisotropy and high density of states in the electronic  structure of Cr$_2$GeC by means of polarized soft X-ray spectroscopy and ab  initio calculations