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To guide experimental work on the search for Majorana zero-energy modes, wecalculate the superconducting pairing symmetry of a three-dimensionaltopological insulator in combination with an s-wave superconductor. In analogyto the case of nanowires with strong spin-orbit coupling we show how thepairing symmetry changes across different topological regimes. We demonstratethat a dominant p-wave pairing relation is not sufficient to realize a Majoranazero-energy mode useful for quantum computation. Our main result of this paperis the relation between odd-frequency pairing and Majorana zero energy modes byusing Green functions techniques in three-dimensional topological insulators inthe so-called Majorana regime. We discuss thereafter how the pairing relationsin the different regimes can be observed in the shape of the tunnelingconductance of an s-wave proximized three-dimensional topological insulator. Wewill discuss the necessity to incorporate a ferromagnetic insulator to localizethe zero-energy bound state to the interface as a Majorana mode.

Observability of surface Andreev bound states in a topological insulator in proximity to an s-wave superconductor