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In previous work on adsorbate-induced surface core level shifts (SCLSs), theeffects caused by O atom adsorption on Rh(111) and Ru(0001) were found to beadditive: the measured shifts for first layer Ru atoms depended linearly on thenumber of directly coordinated O atoms. Density-functional theory calculationsquantitatively reproduced this effect, allowed separation of initial and finalstate contributions, and provided an explanation in terms of a roughly constantcharge transfer per O atom. We have now conducted similar measurements andcalculations for three well-defined adsorbate and coadsorbate layers containingO and H atoms: (1 x 1)-H, (2 x 2)-(O+H), and (2 x 2)-(O+3H) on Ru(0001). As His stabilized in fcc sites in the prior two structures and in hcp sites in thelatter, this enables us to not only study coverage and coadsorption effects onthe adsorbate-induced SCLSs, but also the sensitivity to similar adsorptionsites. Remarkably good agreement is obtained between experiment andcalculations for the energies and geometries of the layers, as well as for allaspects of the SCLS values. The additivity of the next-neighboradsorbate-induced SCLSs is found to prevail even for the coadsorbatestructures. While this confirms the suggested use of SCLSs as fingerprints ofthe adsorbate configuration, their sensitivity is further demonstrated by theslightly different shifts unambiguously determined for H adsorption in eitherfcc or hcp hollow sites.

O- and H- induced surface core level shifts on Ru(0001): Prevalence of the additivity rule