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We present fully atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulation results on amain-chain polymer, 1,4-Polybutadiene, in the merging region of the $\alpha$-and $beta$-relaxations. A real space analysis reveals the occurrence oflocalized motions (``$\beta$-like'') in addition to the diffusive structuralrelaxation. A molecular approach provides a direct connection between the localconformational changes reflected in the atomic motions and the secondaryrelaxations in this polymer. Such local processes occur just in the time windowwhere the $\beta$-process of the Mode Coupling Theory is expected. We show thatthe application of this theory is still possible, and yields an unusually largevalue of the exponent parameter. This result might originate from thecompetition between two mechanisms for dynamic arrest: intermolecular packingand intramolecular barriers for local conformational changes(``$\beta$-like'').Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Atomic motions in the αβ-region of glass-forming polymers: molecular versus mode coupling theory approach