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We study sedimentation equilibrium of low-salt suspensions of binary mixturesof charged colloids, both by Monte Carlo simulations of an effectivecolloids-only system and by Poisson-Boltzmann theory of a colloid-ion mixture.We show that the theoretically predicted lifting and layering effect, whichinvolves the entropy of the screening ions and a spontaneous macroscopicelectric field [J. Zwanikken and R. van Roij, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 71}, 480(2005)], can also be understood on the basis of an effective colloid-onlysystem with pairwise screened-Coulomb interactions. We consider, by theory andby simulation, both repelling like-charged colloids and attracting oppositelycharged colloids, and we find a re-entrant lifting and layering phenomenon whenthe charge ratio of the colloids varies from large positive through zero tolarge negative values

Sedimentation of binary mixtures of like- and oppositely charged colloids: the primitive model or effective pair potentials?