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Many experiments involving cold and ultracold atomic gases require veryprecise control of magnetic fields that couple to and drive the atomic spins.Examples include quantum control of atomic spins, quantum control and quantumsimulation in optical lattices, and studies of spinor Bose condensates. Thismakes accurate cancellation of the (generally time dependent) backgroundmagnetic field a critical factor in such experiments. We describe a techniquethat uses the atomic spins themselves to measure DC and AC components of thebackground field independently along three orthogonal axes, with a resolutionof a few tens of uG in a bandwidth of ~1 kHz. Once measured, the backgroundfield can be cancelled with three pairs of compensating coils driven byarbitrary waveform generators. In our laboratory, the magnetic fieldenvironment is sufficiently stable for the procedure to reduce the field alongeach axis to less than ~50 uG rms, corresponding to a suppression of the ACpart by about one order of magnitude. This suggests our approach can provideaccess to a new low-field regime in cold-atom experiments.

Three-Axis Measurement and Cancellation of Background Magnetic Fields to less than 50 uG in a Cold Atom Experiment