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We report on magnetic and magnetoresistance measurements in two categories ofsuperconducting Nb films grown via magnetron sputtering and MgB2 bulk samples.In the first category, films of Tc = 9.25 K were produced by annealing duringdeposition. In these films, the magnetic measurements exhibited the so-calledsecond magnetization peak (SMP), which is accompanied by thermomagneticinstabilities (TMI). The characteristic field Hfj, where the first flux jumpoccurs, has been studied as a function of the sweep rate of the magnetic field.Interestingly, in the regime T < 6.4 K, the respective line Hfj(T) is constant,Hfj(T < 6.4 K) = 40 Oe. A comparison to TMI observed in MgB2 bulk samples isalso performed. Our experimental findings cannot be described accurately bycurrent theories on TMI. In the second category, films of Tc = 8.3 K wereproduced without annealing during deposition. In such films, we observed a peakeffect (PE). In high magnetic fields the PE is accompanied by a sharp drop anda narrow hysteretic behaviour in the measured magnetoresistance. In contrast toexperimental works presented in the past, the comparison of our magneticmeasurements with the magnetoresistance data suggests that the appearance ofsurface superconductivity rather than the melting transition of vortex matteris the cause of the observed behaviour

From the second magnetization peak to peak effect. A study of superconducting properties in Nb films and MgB2bulk samples

From the second magnetization peak to peak effect. A study of superconducting properties in Nb films and MgB₂bulk samples