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All current estimations of the energy released by type I ELMs indicate that,in order to ensure an adequate lifetime of the divertor targets on ITER, amechanism is required to decrease the amount of energy released by an ELM, orto eliminate ELMs altogether. One such amelioration mechanism relies onperturbing the magnetic field in the edge plasma region, either leading to morefrequent, smaller ELMs (ELM mitigation) or ELM suppression. This technique ofResonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs) has been employed to suppress type IELMs at high collisionality/density on DIII-D, ASDEX Upgrade, KSTAR and JET andat low collisionality on DIII-D. At ITER-like collisionality the RMPs enhancethe transport of particles or energy and keep the edge pressure gradient belowthe 2D linear ideal MHD critical value that would trigger an ELM, whereas athigh collisionality/density the type I ELMs are replaced by small type II ELMs.Although ELM suppression only occurs within limitied operational ranges, ELMmitigation is much more easily achieved. The exact parameters that determinethe onset of ELM suppression are unknown but in all cases the magneticperturbations produce 3D distortions to the plasma and enhanced particletransport. The incorporation of these 3D effects in codes will be essential inorder to make quantitative predictions for future devices.

Understanding the effect resonant magnetic perturbations have on ELMs