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We investigate violations of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in twoclasses of trap models by studying the influence of the perturbing field on thetransition rates. We show that for perturbed rates depending upon the value ofthe observable at the arrival trap, a limiting value of thefluctuation-dissipation ratio does exist. However, the mechanism behind theemergence of this value is different in both classes of models. In particular,for an entropically governed dynamics (where the perturbing field shifts therelative population of traps according to the value of the observable)perturbed rates are argued to take a form that guarantees the existence of alimiting value for the effective temperature, utterly related to theexponential character of the distribution of trap energies.Fluctuation-dissipation (FD) plots reproduce some of the patterns found in abroad class of glassy systems, reinforcing the idea that structural glassesself-generate a dynamical measure that is captured by phenomenological trapmodels.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures (Latex) Misprints corrected and additional  comments included in Section 4. Contribution to a special issue of J. Phys. A  "Statistical Physics of Disordered Systems

Universal dependence of the fluctuation–dissipation ratio on the transition rates in trap models