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In the famous quantum communication scheme developed by Duan {\it etal.}[L.M. Duan, M.D. Lukin, J.I. Cirac, and P. Zoller, Nature (London) {\bf414} 413 (2001)], the probability of successful generating a symmetriccollective atomic state with a single-photon emitted have to be far smallerthan 1 to obtain an acceptable entangled state. Because of strong dipole-dipoleinteraction between two Rydberg atoms, more than one simultaneous excitationsin an atomic ensembles are greatly suppressed, which makes it possible toexcite a mesoscopic cold atomic ensemble into a singly-excited symmetriccollective state accompanied by a signal photon with near unity successprobability, at the same higher-order excitations can be significantlyinhibited.

Efficient Excitation of a Symmetric Collective Atomic State with a Single-Photon Through Dipole Blockade