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We present a series of papers on the year-2012 version of Yonsei EvolutionaryPopulation Synthesis (YEPS) model which is constructed on over 20 years ofheritage. This first paper delineates the spectroscopic aspect of integratedlight from stellar populations older than 1 Gyr. The standard YEPS is based onthe most up-to-date Yonsei-Yale stellar evolutionary tracks and BaSel 3.1 fluxlibraries, and provides absorption line indices of the Lick/IDS system andhigh-order Balmer lines for simple stellar populations as functions of stellarparameters, such as metallicity, age and {\alpha}-element mixture. Special carehas been taken to incorporate systematic contribution from horizontal-branchstars which alters the temperature-sensitive Balmer lines significantly,resulting in up to 5 Gyr difference in age estimation of old, metal-poorstellar populations. We also find that the horizontal branches exert anappreciable effect not only on the Balmer lines but also on themetallicity-sensitive lines including the magnesium index. This is critical toexplain the intriguing bimodality found in index distributions of globularclusters in massive galaxies and to derive spectroscopic metallicitiesaccurately from various indices. A full set of the spectroscopic andphotometric YEPS model data of the entire parameter space is currentlydownloadable at http://web.yonsei.ac.kr/cosmic/data/YEPS.htm

Yonsei Evolutionary Population Synthesis (YEPS) Model. I. Spectroscopic Evolution of Simple Stellar Populations