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A new method of polarimetric calibration is presented in which theinstrumental response is derived from regular observations of PSR J0437-4715based on the assumption that the mean polarized emission from this millisecondpulsar remains constant over time. The technique is applicable to anyexperiment in which high-fidelity polarimetry is required over long timescales; it is demonstrated by calibrating 7.2 years of high-precision timingobservations of PSR J1022+1001 made at the Parkes Observatory. Application ofthe new technique followed by arrival time estimation using matrix templatematching yields post-fit residuals with an uncertainty-weighted standarddeviation of 880 ns, two times smaller than that of arrival time residualsobtained via conventional methods of calibration and arrival time estimation.The precision achieved by this experiment yields the first significantmeasurements of the secular variation of the projected semi-major axis, theprecession of periastron, and the Shapiro delay; it also places PSR J1022+1001among the ten best pulsars regularly observed as part of the Parkes PulsarTiming Array (PPTA) project. It is shown that the timing accuracy of a largefraction of the pulsars in the PPTA is currently limited by the systematictiming error due to instrumental polarization artifacts. More importantly,long-term variations of systematic error are correlated between differentpulsars, which adversely affects the primary objectives of any pulsar timingarray experiment. These limitations may be overcome by adopting the techniquespresented in this work, which relax the demand for instrumental polarizationpurity and thereby have the potential to reduce the development cost ofnext-generation telescopes such as the Square Kilometre Array.

High-fidelity radio astronomical polarimetry using a millisecond pulsar as a polarized reference source