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We report the detection of three transiting planets around a Sunlike star,which we designate Kepler-18. The transit signals were detected in photometricdata from the Kepler satellite, and were confirmed to arise from planets usinga combination of large transit-timing variations, radial-velocity variations,Warm-Spitzer observations, and statistical analysis of false-positiveprobabilities. The Kepler-18 star has a mass of 0.97M_sun, radius 1.1R_sun,effective temperature 5345K, and iron abundance [Fe/H]= +0.19. The planets haveorbital periods of approximately 3.5, 7.6 and 14.9 days. The innermost planet"b" is a "super-Earth" with mass 6.9 \pm 3.4M_earth, radius 2.00 \pm0.10R_earth, and mean density 4.9 \pm 2.4 g cm^-3. The two outer planets "c"and "d" are both low-density Neptune-mass planets. Kepler-18c has a mass of17.3 \pm 1.9M_earth, radius 5.49 \pm 0.26R_earth, and mean density 0.59 \pm0.07 g cm^-3, while Kepler-18d has a mass of 16.4 \pm 1.4M_earth, radius 6.98\pm 0.33R_earth, and mean density 0.27 \pm 0.03 g cm^-3. Kepler-18c andKepler-18d have orbital periods near a 2:1 mean-motion resonance, leading tolarge and readily detected transit timing variations.

the astrophysical journal. supplement series/astrophysical journal. supplement series

Kepler 18-b, c, and d: A System Of Three Planets Confirmed by Transit  Timing Variations, Lightcurve Validation, Spitzer Photometry and Radial  Velocity Measurements