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We present new full-sky temperature and polarization maps in five frequencybands from 23 to 94 GHz, based on data from the first five years of the WMAPsky survey. The five-year maps incorporate several improvements in dataprocessing made possible by the additional years of data and by a more completeanalysis of the instrument calibration and in-flight beam response. We presentseveral new tests for systematic errors in the polarization data and concludethat Ka band data (33 GHz) is suitable for use in cosmological analysis, afterforeground cleaning. This significantly reduces the overall polarizationuncertainty. With the 5 year WMAP data, we detect no convincing deviations fromthe minimal 6-parameter LCDM model: a flat universe dominated by a cosmologicalconstant, with adiabatic and nearly scale-invariant Gaussian fluctuations.Using WMAP data combined with measurements of Type Ia supernovae and BaryonAcoustic Oscillations, we find (68% CL uncertainties): Omega_bh^2 = 0.02267 \pm0.00059, Omega_ch^2 = 0.1131 \pm 0.0034, Omega_Lambda = 0.726 \pm 0.015, n_s =0.960 \pm 0.013, tau = 0.084 \pm 0.016, and Delta_R^2 = (2.445 \pm 0.096) x10^-9. From these we derive: sigma_8 = 0.812 \pm 0.026, H_0 = 70.5 \pm 1.3km/s/Mpc, z_{reion} = 10.9 \pm 1.4, and t_0 = 13.72 \pm 0.12 Gyr. The new limiton the tensor-to-scalar ratio is r < 0.22 (95% CL). We obtain tight,simultaneous limits on the (constant) dark energy equation of state and spatialcurvature: -0.14 < 1+w < 0.12 and -0.0179 < Omega_k < 0.0081 (both 95% CL). Thenumber of relativistic degrees of freedom (e.g. neutrinos) is found to beN_{eff} = 4.4 \pm 1.5, consistent with the standard value of 3.04. Models withN_{eff} = 0 are disfavored at >99.5% confidence.

Five-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Data Processing, Sky Maps, and Basic Results