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Few-body physics has played a prominent role in atomic, molecular and nuclearphysics since the early days of quantum mechanics. It is now possible---thanksto tremendous progress in cooling, trapping, and manipulating ultracoldsamples---to experimentally study few-body phenomena in trapped atomic andmolecular systems with unprecedented control. This review summarizes recentstudies of few-body phenomena in trapped atomic and molecular gases, with anemphasis on small trapped systems. We start by introducing the free-spacescattering properties and then investigate what happens when two particles,bosons or fermions, are placed in an external confinement. Next, variousthree-body systems are treated analytically in limiting cases. Our currentunderstanding of larger two-component Fermi systems and Bose systems isreviewed, and connections with the corresponding bulk systems are established.Lastly, future prospects and challenges are discussed. Throughout this review,commonalities with other systems such as nuclei or quantum dots arehighlighted.

Few-body physics with ultracold atomic and molecular systems in traps