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Plasma jets produced by direct-current (DC) non-transferred arc plasmatorches, at the core of technologies ranging from spray coating to pyrolysis,present intricate dynamics due to the coupled interaction of fluid flow,thermal, and electromagnetic phenomena. The flow dynamics from an arc dischargeplasma jet are investigated using time-dependent three-dimensional simulationsencompassing the dynamics of the arc inside the torch, the evolution of the jetthrough the discharge environment, and the subsequent impingement of the jetover a flat substrate. The plasma is described by a chemical equilibrium andthermodynamic nonequilibrium (two-temperature) model. The numerical formulationof the physical model is based on a monolithic and fully-coupled treatment ofthe fluid and electromagnetic equations using a Variational Multiscale FiniteElement Method. Simulation results uncover distinct aspects of the flowdynamics, including the jet forcing due to the movement of the electric arc,the prevalence of deviations between heavy-species and electron temperatures inthe plasma fringes, the development of shear flow instabilities around the jet,the occurrence of localized regions with high electric fields far from the arc,and the formation and evolution of coherent flow structures.

Computational study of flow dynamics from a dc arc plasma jet