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We report on structural, magnetic and electronic properties of Co-implantedTiO2 rutile single crystals for different implantation doses. Strongferromagnetism at room temperature and above is observed in TiO2 rutile platesafter cobalt ion implantation, with magnetic parameters depending on the cobaltimplantation dose. While the structural data indicate the presence of metalliccobalt clusters, the multiplet structure of the Co L3 edge in the XAS spectragives clear evidence for a substitutional Co 2+ state. The detailed analysis ofthe structural and magnetic properties indicates that there are two magneticphases in Co-implanted TiO2 plates. One is a ferromagnetic phase due to theformation of long range ferromagnetic ordering between implanted magneticcobalt ions in the rutile phase, and the second one is a superparamagneticphase originates from the formation of metallic cobalt clusters in theimplanted region. Using x-ray resonant magnetic scattering, the elementspecific magnetization of cobalt, oxygen and titanium in Co-implanted TiO2single crystals are investigated. Magnetic dichroism was observed at the Co Ledges as well as at the O K edge. The interaction mechanism, which leads toferromagnetic ordering of substituted cobalt ions in the host matrix, is alsodiscussed.

High temperature ferromagnetism in Co-implanted TiO2 rutile