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Bright blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on 1,4,5,8,N-pentamethylcarbazole (PMC) and on dimer of N-ethylcarbazole (N,N'-diethyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl) (DEC) as emitting layers or as dopants in a 4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (DPVBi) matrix are described. Pure blue-light with the C.I.E. coordinates x = 0.153 y = 0.100, electroluminescence efficiency eta EL of 0.4 cd/A, external quantum efficiency eta ext. of 0.6% and luminance L of 236 cd/m2 (at 60 mA/cm2) were obtained with PMC as an emitter and the 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenantroline (BCP) as a hole-blocking material in five-layer emitting devices. The highest efficiencies eta EL. of 4.7 cd/A, and eta ext = 3.3% were obtained with a four-layer structure and a DPVBi DEC-doped active layer (CIE coordinates x = 0.158, y=0.169, λpeak = 456 nm). The eta ext. value is one the highest reported at this wavelength for blue OLEDs and is related to an internal quantum efficiency up to 20

Highly efficient multilayer organic pure blue light emitting diodes with substituted carbazoles compounds in the emitting layer