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The role of radiative cooling during the evolution of a bow shock was studiedin laboratory-astrophysics experiments that are scalable to bow shocks presentin jets from young stellar objects. The laboratory bow shock is formed duringthe collision of two counter-streaming, supersonic plasma jets produced by anopposing pair of radial foil Z-pinches driven by the current pulse from theMAGPIE pulsed-power generator. The jets have different flow velocities in thelaboratory frame and the experiments are driven over many times thecharacteristic cooling time-scale. The initially smooth bow shock rapidlydevelops small-scale non-uniformities over temporal and spatial scales that areconsistent with a thermal instability triggered by strong radiative cooling inthe shock. The growth of these perturbations eventually results in a globalfragmentation of the bow shock front. The formation of a thermal instability issupported by analysis of the plasma cooling function calculated for theexperimental conditions with the radiative packages ABAKO/RAPCAL.

Bow shock fragmentation driven by a thermal instability in laboratory-astrophysics experiments