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We use imaging from the Next Generation Virgo cluster Survey (NGVS) topresent a comparative study of ultra-compact dwarf (UCD) galaxies associatedwith three prominent Virgo sub-clusters: those centered on the massive,red-sequence galaxies M87, M49 and M60. We show how UCDs can be selected withhigh completeness using a combination of half-light radius and location incolor-color diagrams ($u^*iK_s$ or $u^*gz$). Although the central galaxies ineach of these sub-clusters have nearly identical luminosities and stellarmasses, we find large differences in the sizes of their UCD populations, withM87 containing ~3.5 and 7.8 times more UCDs than M49 and M60, respectively. Therelative abundance of UCDs in the three regions scales in proportion tosub-cluster mass, as traced by X-ray gas mass, total gravitating mass, numberof globular clusters, and number of nearby galaxies. We find that the UCDs arepredominantly blue in color, with ~85% of the UCDs having colors similar toblue GCs and stellar nuclei of dwarf galaxies. We present evidence that UCDssurrounding M87 and M49 may follow a morphological sequence ordered by theprominence of their outer, low surface brightness envelope, ultimately mergingwith the sequence of nucleated low-mass galaxies, and that envelope prominencecorrelates with distance from either galaxy. Our analysis provides evidencethat tidal stripping of nucleated galaxies is an important process in theformation of UCDs.

The Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey. X. Properties of Ultra-Compact Dwarfs in the M87, M49 and M60 Regions