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We calculate the effects of spot size on pulse profiles of moderatelyrotating neutron stars. Specifically, we quantify the bias introduced in radiusmeasurements from the common assumption that spots are infinitesimally small.We find that this assumption is reasonable for spots smaller than10$^\circ$-18$^\circ$ and leads to errors that are $\le$10% in the radiusmeasurement, depending on the location of the spot and the inclination of theobserver. We consider the implications of our results for neutron star radiusmeasurements with the upcoming and planned X-ray missions NICER and LOFT. Wecalculate the expected spot size for different classes of sources andinvestigate the circumstances under which the assumption of a small spot isjustified.

Effects of Spot Size on Neutron-Star Radius Measurements from Pulse Profiles