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We present new ultraviolet, optical, and X-ray data on the Phoenix galaxycluster (SPT-CLJ2344-4243). Deep optical imaging reveals previously-undetectedfilaments of star formation, extending to radii of ~50-100 kpc in multipledirections. Combined UV-optical spectroscopy of the central galaxy reveals amassive (2x10^9 Msun)), young (~4.5 Myr) population of stars, consistent with atime-averaged star formation rate of 610 +/- 50 Msun/yr. We report a strongdetection of OVI(1032,1038) which appears to originate primarily inshock-heated gas, but may contain a substantial contribution (>1000 Msun/yr)from the cooling intracluster medium. We confirm the presence of deep X-raycavities in the inner ~10 kpc, which are amongst the most extreme examples ofradio-mode feedback detected to date, implying jet powers of 2-7 x10^45 erg/s.We provide evidence that the AGN inflating these cavities may have onlyrecently transitioned from "quasar-mode" to "radio-mode", and may currently beinsufficient to completely offset cooling. A model-subtracted residual X-rayimage reveals evidence for prior episodes of strong radio-mode feedback atradii of ~100 kpc, with extended "ghost" cavities indicating a prior epoch offeedback roughly 100 Myr ago. This residual image also exhibits significantasymmetry in the inner ~200 kpc (0.15R500), reminiscent of infalling coolclouds, either due to minor mergers or fragmentation of the cooling ICM. Takentogether, these data reveal a rapidly evolving cool core which is rich withstructure (both spatially and in temperature), is subject to a variety ofhighly energetic processes, and yet is cooling rapidly and forming stars alongthin, narrow filaments.

Deep Chandra, HST-COS, and Megacam Observations of the Phoenix Cluster: Extreme Star Formation and AGN Feedback on Hundred Kiloparsec Scales