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A population of early star-forming galaxies is the leading candidate for there-ionization of the universe. It is still unclear what conditions and physicalprocesses would enable a significant fraction of the ionizing photons to escapefrom these gas-rich galaxies. In this paper we present the results of theanalysis of HST COS far-UV spectroscopy plus ancillary multi-waveband data of asample of 22 low-redshift galaxies that are good analogs to typicalstar-forming galaxies at high-redshift. We measure three parameters thatprovide indirect evidence of the escape of ionizing radiation: (1) the residualintensity in the cores of saturated interstellar low-ionizationabsorption-lines. (2) The relative amount of blue-shifted Lyman alpha lineemission, and (3) the relative weakness of the [SII] optical emission lines. Weuse these diagnostics to rank-order our sample in terms of likely leakiness,noting that a direct measure of escaping Lyman continuum has recently been madefor one of the leakiest members of our sample. We then examine the correlationsbetween our ranking and other proposed diagnostics of leakiness and find acorrelation with the equivalent width of the Lyman alpha emission-line. Turningto galaxy properties, we find the strongest correlations with leakiness arewith the compactness of the star-forming region and the speed of the galacticoutflow. This suggests that extreme feedback- a high intensity of ionizingradiation and strong pressure from both radiation and a hot galactic wind-combines to create significant holes in the neutral gas. These results not onlyshed new light on the physical mechanisms that can allow ionizing radiation toescape from intensely star-forming galaxies, they also provide indirectobservational indicators that can be used at high-redshift where directmeasurements of escaping Lyman continuum radiation are impossible.

Indirect Evidence for Escaping Ionizing Photons in Local Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs