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The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD), on board Mars Science Laboratory's(MSL) rover Curiosity, measures the {energy spectra} of both energetic chargedand neutral particles along with the radiation dose rate at the surface ofMars. With these first-ever measurements on the Martian surface, RAD observedseveral effects influencing the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) induced surfaceradiation dose concurrently: [a] short-term diurnal variations of the Martianatmospheric pressure caused by daily thermal tides, [b] long-term seasonalpressure changes in the Martian atmosphere, and [c] the modulation of theprimary GCR flux by the heliospheric magnetic field, which correlates withlong-term solar activity and the rotation of the Sun. The RAD surface dosemeasurements, along with the surface pressure data and the solar modulationfactor, are analysed and fitted to empirical models which quantitativelydemonstrate} how the long-term influences ([b] and [c]) are related to themeasured dose rates. {Correspondingly we can estimate dose rate and doseequivalents under different solar modulations and different atmosphericconditions, thus allowing empirical predictions of the Martian surfaceradiation environment.

Modeling the variations of Dose Rate measured by RAD during the first MSL Martian year: 2012-2014