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It has been suggested that the gaps and cavities recently discovered intransitional disks are opened by planets. To explore this scenario, we combinetwo-dimensional two fluid (gas + particle) hydrodynamical calculations withthree-dimensional Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer simulations, and study theobservational signatures of gaps opened by one or several planets, makingqualitative comparisons with observations. We find that a single planet assmall as 0.2 MJ can produce a deep gap at millimeter (mm) wavelengths andalmost no features at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, while multiple planetscan open up a few *10 AU wide common gap at both wavelengths. Both the contrastratio of the gaps and the wavelength dependence of the gap sizes are broadlyconsistent with data. We also confirm previous results that NIR gap sizes maybe smaller than mm gap sizes due to dust-gas coupling and radiative transfereffects. When viewed at a moderate inclination angle, a physically circularon-centered gap could appear to be off-centered from the star due to shadowing.Planet-induced spiral arms are more apparent at NIR than at mm wavelengths.Overall, our results suggest that the planet-opening-gap scenario is apromising way to explain the origin of the transitional disks. Finally,inspired by the recent ALMA release of the image of the HL Tau disk, we showthat multiple narrow gaps, well separated by bright rings, can be opened by 0.2MJ planets soon after their formation in a relatively massive disk.

Observational Signatures of Planets in Protoplanetary Disks I: Gaps Opened by Single and Multiple Young Planets in Disks