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BICEP2 and the Keck Array are polarization-sensitive microwave telescopesthat observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the South Pole atdegree angular scales in search of a signature of inflation imprinted as B-modepolarization in the CMB. BICEP2 was deployed in late 2009, observed for threeyears until the end of 2012 at 150 GHz with 512 antenna-coupled transition edgesensor bolometers, and has reported a detection of B-mode polarization ondegree angular scales. The Keck Array was first deployed in late 2010 and willobserve through 2016 with five receivers at several frequencies (95, 150, and220 GHz). BICEP2 and the Keck Array share a common optical design and employthe field-proven BICEP1 strategy of using small-aperture, cold, on-axisrefractive optics, providing excellent control of systematics while maintaininga large field of view. This design allows for full characterization offar-field optical performance using microwave sources on the ground. Here wedescribe the optical design of both instruments and report a fullcharacterization of the optical performance and beams of BICEP2 and the KeckArray at 150 GHz.

BICEP2/Keck Array IV: Optical Characterization and Performance of the BICEP2 and Keck Array Experiments