English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

We carry out two-fluid, two-dimensional global hydrodynamic simulations totest whether protostellar infall can trigger Rossby wave instability (RWI) inprotoplanetry disks. Our results show that infall can trigger the RWI andgenerate vortices near the outer edge of the mass landing on the disk (i.e.centrifugal radius). We find that the RWI is triggered under a variety ofconditions, although the details depend on the disk parameters and the infallpattern. The common key feature of triggering the RWI is the steep radialgradient of the azimuthal velocity induced by the local increase in density atthe outer edge of the infall region. Vortices form when the instability entersthe nonlinear regime. In our standard model where self-gravity is neglected,vortices merge together to a single vortex within $\sim 20$ local orbitaltimes, and the merged vortex survives for the remaining duration of thecalculation ($> 170$ local orbital times). The vortex takes part in outwardangular momentum transport, with a Reynolds stress of $\lesssim10^{-2}$. Ourtwo-fluid calculations show that vortices efficiently trap dust particles withstopping times of the order of the orbital time, locally enhancing the dust togas ratio for particles of the appropriate size by a factor of $\sim 40$ in ourstandard model. When self-gravity is considered, however, vortices tend to beimpeded from merging and may eventually dissipate. We conclude it may well havethat protoplanetary disks have favorable conditions for vortex formation duringthe protostellar infall phase, which might enhance early planetary coreformation.

Are protoplanetary disks born with vortices? -- Rossby wave instability driven by protostellar infall