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Scaling relations between galaxy structures and dynamics have been studiedextensively for early and late-type galaxies, both in the local universe and athigh redshifts. The abundant differences between the properties of disky andelliptical, or star-forming and quiescent, galaxies seem to be characteristicof the local Universe; such clear distinctions begin to disintegrate asobservations of massive galaxies probe higher redshifts. In this Paper, weinvestigate the existence the mass fundamental plane of all massive galaxies($\sigma\gtrsim$ 100 km/s). This work includes local galaxies (0.05<z<0.07)from the SDSS, in addition to 31 star-forming and 72 quiescent massive galaxiesat intermediate redshift (z~0.7) with absorption line kinematics from deepKeck-DEIMOS spectra and structural parameters from HST imaging. In twoparameter scaling relations, star-forming and quiescent galaxies differstructurally and dynamically. However, we show that massive star-forming andquiescent galaxies lie on nearly the same mass fundamental plane, or therelationship between stellar mass surface density, stellar velocity dispersion,and effective radius. The scatter in this relation (measured about$\log\sigma$) is low: 0.072 dex (0.055 dex intrinsic) at z~0 and 0.10 dex (0.08dex intrinsic) at z~0.7. This three dimensional surface is not unique: virialrelations, with or without a dependence on luminosity profile shapes, canconnect galaxy structures and stellar dynamics with similar scatter. Thisresult builds on the recent finding that mass fundamental plane has been stablefor early-type galaxies since z~2 (Bezanson et al. 2013). As we now find thisalso holds for star-forming galaxies to z~0.7, this implies that these scalingrelations of galaxies will be minimally susceptible to progenitor biases due tothe evolving stellar populations, structures, and dynamics of galaxies throughcosmic time.

One Plane for All: Massive Star-Forming and Quiescent Galaxies Lie on the Same Mass Fundamental Plane at z~0 and z~0.7