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We propose a Stellar Locus OuTlier (SLOT) method to determine the binaryfraction of main-sequence stars statistically. The method is sensitive toneither the period nor mass-ratio distributions of binaries, and able toprovide model-free estimates of binary fraction for large numbers of stars ofdifferent populations in large survey volumes. We have applied the SLOT methodto two samples of stars from the SDSS Stripe 82, constructed by combining there-calibrated SDSS photometric data with respectively the spectroscopicinformation from the SDSS and LAMOST surveys. For the SDSS spectroscopicsample, we find an average binary fraction for field FGK stars of $41%\pm2%$.The fractions decrease toward late spectral types, and are respectively$44%\pm5%$, $43%\pm3%$, $35%\pm5%$, and $28%\pm6%$ for stars of $g-i$ colorsbetween 0.3 -- 0.6, 0.6 -- 0.9, 0.9 -- 1.2, and 1.2 - 1.6\,mag. A modestmetallicity dependence is also found. The fraction decreases with increasingmetallicity. For stars of [Fe/H] between $-0.5$ - 0.0, $-1.0$ - $-0.5$, $-1.5$- $-1.0$, and $-2.0$ - $-1.5$\,dex, the inferred binary fractions are$37%\pm3%$, $39%\pm3%$, $50%\pm9%$, and $53%\pm20%$, respectively. We havefurther divided the sample into stars from the thin disk, the thick disk, thetransition zone between them, and the halo. The results suggest that theGalactic thin and thick disks have comparable binary fractions, whereas theGalactic halo contains a significantly larger fraction of binaries. Applyingthe method to the LAMOST spectroscopic sample yields consistent results.Finally, other potential applications and future work with the method arediscussed.

Stellar loci II. a model-free estimate of the binary fraction for field FGK stars