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PSR J1906+0746 is a young pulsar in the relativistic binary with thesecond-shortest known orbital period, of 3.98 hours. We here present a timingstudy based on five years of observations, conducted with the 5 largest radiotelescopes in the world, aimed at determining the companion nature. Through themeasurement of three post-Keplerian orbital parameters we find the pulsar massto be 1.291(11) M_sol, and the companion mass 1.322(11) M_sol respectively.These masses fit well in the observed collection of double neutron stars, butare also compatible with other white dwarfs around young pulsars such asJ1906+0746. Neither radio pulsations nor dispersion-inducing outflows thatcould have further established the companion nature were detected. We derive anHI-absorption distance, which indicates that an optical confirmation of a whitedwarf companion is very challenging. The pulsar is fading fast due to geodeticprecession, limiting future timing improvements. We conclude that young pulsarJ1906+0746 is likely part of a double neutron star, or is otherwise orbited byan older white dwarf, in an exotic system formed through two stages of masstransfer.

The Binary Companion of Young, Relativistic Pulsar J1906+0746