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We present imaging and spectroscopy of a hydrogen-poor superluminoussupernova (SLSN) discovered by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory:iPTF13ajg. At a redshift of z=0.7403, derived from narrow absorption lines,iPTF13ajg peaked at an absolute magnitude M(u,AB)=-22.5, one of the mostluminous supernovae to date. The uBgRiz light curves, obtained with the P48,P60, NOT, DCT, and Keck telescopes, and the nine-epoch spectral sequencesecured with the Keck and the VLT (covering 3 rest-frame months), are tiedtogether photometrically to provide an estimate of the flux evolution as afunction of time and wavelength. The observed bolometric peak luminosity ofiPTF13ajg is 3.2x10^44 erg/s, while the estimated total radiated energy is1.3x10^51 erg. We detect narrow absorption lines of Mg I, Mg II, and Fe II,associated with the cold interstellar medium in the host galaxy, at twodifferent epochs with X-shooter at the VLT. From Voigt-profile fitting, wederive the column densities log N(Mg I)=11.94+-0.06, log N(Mg II)=14.7+-0.3,and log N(Fe II)=14.25+-0.10. These column densities, as well as the Mg I andMg II equivalent widths of a sample of hydrogen-poor SLSNe taken from theliterature, are at the low end of those derived for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs),whose progenitors are also thought to be massive stars. This suggests that theenvironments of SLSNe and GRBs are different. From the nondetection of Fe IIfine-structure absorption lines, we derive a strict lower limit on the distancebetween the supernova and the narrow-line absorbing gas of 50 pc. Nohost-galaxy emission lines are detected, leading to an upper limit on theunobscured star-formation rate of SFR([OII])<0.07 Msun/yr. Late-time imagingshows the host galaxy of iPTF13ajg to be faint, with g(AB)~27.0 and R(AB)>=26.0mag, which roughly corresponds to M(B,Vega) >~ -17.7 mag. [abridged]

The hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova iPTF13ajg and its host galaxy in absorption and emission