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We report a detection of a faint near-Earth asteroid (NEA), which was doneusing our synthetic tracking technique and the CHIMERA instrument on thePalomar 200-inch telescope. This asteroid, with apparent magnitude of 23, wasmoving at 5.97 degrees per day and was detected at a signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of 15 using 30 sec of data taken at a 16.7 Hz frame rate. The detectionwas confirmed by a second observation one hour later at the same SNR. Theasteroid moved 7 arcseconds in sky over the 30 sec of integration time becauseof its high proper motion. The synthetic tracking using 16.7 Hz frames avoidedthe trailing loss suffered by conventional techniques relying on 30-secexposure, which would degrade the surface brightness of image on CCD to anapproximate magnitude of 25. This detection was a result of our 12-hour blindsearch conducted on the Palomar 200-inch telescope over two nights on September11 and 12, 2013 scanning twice over six 5.0 deg x 0.043 deg fields. The factthat we detected only one NEA, is consistent with Harris's estimation of theasteroid population distribution, which was used to predict the detection of1--2 asteroids of absolute magnitude H=28--31 per night. The design ofexperiment, data analysis method, and algorithms for estimating astrometry arepresented. We also demonstrate a milli-arcsecond astrometry using observationsof two bright asteroids with the same system on Apr 3, 2013. Strategies ofscheduling observations to detect small and fast-moving NEAs with the synthetictracking technique are discussed.

Detection of a faint fast-moving near-Earth asteroid using synthetic tracking technique