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A group of middle-aged mixed-morphology (MM) supernova remnants (SNRs)interacting with molecular clouds (MC) has been discovered as strong GeVgamma-ray emitters by Large Area Telescope on board Fermi Gamma Ray SpaceTelescope (Fermi-LAT). The recent observations of the Suzaku X-ray satellitehave revealed that some of these interacting gamma-ray emitting SNRs, such asIC443, W49B, W44, and G359.1-0.5, have overionized plasmas. 3C 391 (G31.9+0.0)is another Galactic MM SNR interacting with MC. It was observed in GeV gammarays by Fermi-LAT as well as in the 0.3 $-$ 10.0 keV X-ray band by Suzaku. Inthis work, 3C 391 was detected in GeV gamma rays with a significance of $\sim$18 $\sigma$ and we showed that the GeV emission is point-like in nature. TheGeV gamma-ray spectrum was shown to be best explained by the decay of neutralpions assuming that the protons follow a broken power-law distribution. Werevealed radiative recombination structures of silicon and sulfur from 3C 391using Suzaku data. In this paper we discuss the possible origin of this type ofradiative plasma and hadronic gamma rays.

Recombining Plasma in the Gamma-ray Emitting Mixed-Morphology Supernova Remnant 3C 391