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We relate transitions in galaxy structure and gas content to refueling, heredefined to include both the external gas accretion and the internal gasprocessing needed to renew reservoirs for star formation. We analyze two z=0data sets: a high-quality ~200-galaxy sample (the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey,data release herein) and a volume-limited ~3000-galaxy sample with reprocessedarchival data. Both reach down to baryonic masses ~10^9Msun and spanvoid-to-cluster environments. Two mass-dependent transitions are evident: (i)below the "gas-richness threshold" scale (V~125km/s), gas-dominatedquasi-bulgeless Sd--Im galaxies become numerically dominant, while (ii) abovethe "bimodality" scale (V~200km/s), gas-starved E/S0s become the norm.Notwithstanding these transitions, galaxy mass (or V as its proxy) is a poorpredictor of gas-to-stellar mass ratio M_gas/M_*. Instead, M_gas/M_* correlateswell with the ratio of a galaxy's stellar mass formed in the last Gyr to itspreexisting stellar mass, such that the two ratios have numerically similarvalues. This striking correspondence between past-averaged star formation andcurrent gas richness implies routine refueling of star-forming galaxies on Gyrtimescales. We argue that this refueling underlies the tight M_gas/M_* vs.color correlations often used to measure "photometric gas fractions."Furthermore, the threshold and bimodality scale transitions reflectmass-dependent demographic shifts between three refueling regimes --- accretiondominated, processing dominated, and quenched. In this picture, gas-dominateddwarfs are explained not by inefficient star formation but by overwhelming gasaccretion, which fuels stellar mass doubling in <~1Gyr. Moreover, moderatelygas-rich bulged disks such as the Milky Way are transitional, becoming abundantonly in the narrow range between the threshold and bimodality scales.

Connecting Transitions in Galaxy Properties to Refueling