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We have analyzed new and previously published radial velocity observations ofMARVELS-1, known to have an ostensibly substellar companion in a ~6- day orbit.We find significant (~100 m/s) residuals to the best-fit model for thecompanion, and these residuals are naively consistent with an interior giantplanet with a P = 1.965d in a nearly perfect 3:1 period commensuribility(|Pb/Pc - 3| < 10^{-4}). We have performed several tests for the reality ofsuch a companion, including a dynamical analysis, a search for photometricvariability, and a hunt for contaminating stellar spectra. We find many reasonsto be critical of a planetary interpretation, including the fact that most ofthe three-body dynamical solutions are unstable. We find no evidence fortransits, and no evidence of stellar photometric variability. We havediscovered two apparent companions to MARVELS-1 with adaptive optics imaging atKeck; both are M dwarfs, one is likely bound, and the other is likely aforeground object. We explore false-alarm scenarios inspired by variouscuriosities in the data. Ultimately, a line profile and bisector analysis leadus to conclude that the ~100 m/s residuals are an artifact of spectralcontamination from a stellar companion contributing ~15-30% of the opticallight in the system. We conclude that origin of this contamination is thepreviously detected radial velocity companion to MARVELS-1, which is not, aspreviously reported, a brown dwarf, but in fact a G dwarf in a face-on orbit.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

MARVELS-1: A face-on double-lined binary star masquerading as a resonant  planetary system; and consideration of rare false positives in radial  velocity planet searches