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We investigate how coronal mass ejections (CMEs) propagate through, andinteract with, the inner heliosphere between the Sun and Earth, a key questionin CME research and space weather forecasting. CME Sun-to-Earth kinematics areconstrained by combining wide-angle heliospheric imaging observations,interplanetary radio type II bursts and in situ measurements from multiplevantage points. We select three events for this study, the 2012 January 19, 23,and March 7 CMEs. Different from previous event studies, this work attempts tocreate a general picture for CME Sun-to-Earth propagation and compare differenttechniques for determining CME interplanetary kinematics. Key results areobtained concerning CME Sun-to-Earth propagation. Our comparison betweendifferent techniques (and data sets) also has important implications for CMEobservations and their interpretations. Future CME observations and spaceweather forecasting are discussed based on these results. See detail in thePDF.

On Sun-to-Earth Propagation of Coronal Mass Ejections