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A {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\it HST}) / Advanced Camera for Surveys(ACS) study of the structural properties of 85 luminous and ultraluminous($L_{\rm IR} > 10^{11.4}$ L$_\odot$) infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) inthe Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) sample is presented.Two-dimensional GALFIT analysis has been performed on F814W "{\it I}-band"images to decompose each galaxy, as appropriate, into bulge, disk, central PSFand stellar bar components. The fraction of bulge-less disk systems is observedto be higher in LIRGs (35%) than in ULIRGs (20%), with the disk+bulge systemsmaking up the dominant fraction of both LIRGs (55%) and ULIRGs (45%). Further,bulge+disk systems are the dominant late-stage merger galaxy type and are thedominant type for LIRGs and ULIRGs at almost every stage of galaxy-galaxynuclear separation. The mean {\it I}-band host absolute magnitude of the GOALSgalaxies is $-22.64\pm$0.62 mag (1.8$^{+1.4}_{-0.4}$ L$^*_I$), and the meanbulge absolute magnitude in GOALS galaxies is about 1.1 magnitude fainter thanthe mean host magnitude. Almost all ULIRGs have bulge magnitudes at the highend (-20.6 to - 23.5 mag) of the GOALS bulge magnitude range. Mass ratios inthe GOALS binary systems are consistent with most of the galaxies being theresult of major mergers, and an examination of the residual-to-host intensityratios in GOALS binary systems suggests that smaller companions suffer moretidal distortion than the larger companions. We find approximately twice asmany bars in GOALS disk+bulge systems (32.8%) than in pure-disk mergers (15.9%)but most of the disk+bulge systems that contain bars are disk-dominated withsmall bulges. The bar-to-host intensity ratio, bar half-light radius, and barellipticity in GOALS galaxies are similar to those found in nearby spiralgalaxies.(abridged)

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

Hubble Space Telescope ACS Imaging of the GOALS Sample: Quantitative  Structural Properties of Nearby Luminous Infrared Galaxies with L_IR >  10^{11.4} L_sun