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We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the gravitational-wave (GW)signal of the post-bounce evolution of core-collapse supernovae (SNe),employing for the first time relativistic, two-dimensional (2D) explosionmodels with multi-group, three-flavor neutrino transport based on theray-by-ray-plus approximation. The waveforms reflect the accelerated massmotions associated with the characteristic evolutionary stages that were alsoidentified in previous works: A quasi-periodic modulation by prompt postshockconvection is followed by a phase of relative quiescence before growingamplitudes signal violent hydrodynamical activity due to convection and thestanding accretion shock instability during the accretion period of the stalledshock. Finally, a high-frequency, low-amplitude variation from proto-neutronstar (PNS) convection below the neutrinosphere appears superimposed on thelow-frequency trend associated with the aspherical expansion of the SN shockafter the onset of the explosion. Relativistic effects in combination withdetailed neutrino transport are shown to be essential for quantitativepredictions of the GW frequency evolution and energy spectrum, because theydetermine the structure of the PNS surface layer and its characteristic g-modefrequency. Burst-like high-frequency activity phases, correlated with suddenluminosity increase and spectral hardening of electron (anti-)neutrino emissionfor some 10ms, are discovered as new features after the onset of the explosion.They correspond to intermittent episodes of anisotropic accretion by the PNS inthe case of fallback SNe. We find stronger signals for more massive progenitorswith large accretion rates. The typical frequencies are higher for massivePNSs, though the time-integrated spectrum also strongly depends on the modeldynamics.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

A New Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics Code  of Core-Collapse Supernovae III. Gravitational Wave Signals from Supernova  Explosion Models