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In this paper we investigate effects of neutral particles on shockspropagating into the partially ionized medium. We find that for 120 km/s <u_{sh} < 3000 km/s (u_{sh} is the shock velocity), about ten percent ofupstream neutral particles leak into the upstream region from the downstreamregion. Moreover, we investigate how the leakage neutral particles affect theupstream structure of the shock and particle accelerations. Using four fluidapproximations (upstream ions, upstream neutral particles, leakage neutralparticles and pickup ions), we provide analytical solutions of the precursorstructure due to leakage neutral particles. It is shown that the upstream flowis decelerated in the precursor region and the shock compression ratio becomessmaller than without leakage neutral particles, but the total compression ratiodoes not change. Even if leakage of neutral particles is small (a few percentsof total upstream particles), this smaller compression ratio of the shock canexplain steep gamma-ray spectra from young supernova remnants. Furthermore,leakage neutral particles could amplify the magnetic field and heat theupstream region.

Effects of Leakage Neutral Particles on Shocks