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When the Sun ascends the red giant branch (RGB), its luminosity will increaseand all the planets will receive much greater irradiation than they do now.Jupiter, in particular, might end up more highly irradiated than the hotNeptune GJ 436b and, hence, could appropriately be termed a "hot Jupiter." Whentheir stars go through the RGB or asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stages, many ofthe currently known Jupiter-mass planets in several-AU orbits will receivelevels of irradiation comparable to the hot Jupiters, which will transientlyincrease their atmospheric temperatures to ~1000 K or more. Furthermore,massive planets around post-main-sequence stars could accrete a non-negligibleamount of material from the enhanced stellar winds, thereby significantlyaltering their atmospheric chemistry as well as causing a significant accretionluminosity during the epochs of most intense stellar mass loss. Futuregenerations of infrared observatories might be able to probe the thermal andchemical structure of such hot Jupiters' atmospheres. Finally, we argue that,unlike their main-sequence analogs (whose zonal winds are thought to beorganized in only a few broad, planetary-scale jets), red-giant hot Jupitersshould have multiple, narrow jets of zonal winds and efficient day-nightredistribution.

Jupiter will become a hot Jupiter: Consequences of Post-Main-Sequence Stellar Evolution on Gas Giant Planets