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We present dynamical and structural scaling relations of quiescent galaxiesat z=2, including the dynamical mass-size relation and the first constraints onthe fundamental plane (FP). The backbone of the analysis is a new, very deepVLT/X-shooter spectrum of a massive, compact, quiescent galaxy at z=2.0389. Wedetect the continuum between 3700-22000A and several strong absorption features(Balmer series, Ca H+K, G-band), from which we derive a stellar velocitydispersion of 318 +/- 53 km/s. We perform detailed modeling of the continuumemission and line indices and derive strong simultaneous constraints on theage, metallicity, and stellar mass. The galaxy is a dusty (A_V=0.77(+0.36,-0.32)) solar metallicity (log(Z/Zsun) = 0.02 (+0.20,-0.41)) poststarburst galaxy, with a mean luminosity weighted log(age/yr) of 8.9 +/- 0.1.The galaxy formed the majority of its stars at z>3 and currently has little orno ongoing star formation. We compile a sample of three other z~2 quiescentgalaxies with measured velocity dispersions, two of which are also poststarburst like. Their dynamical mass-size relation is offset significantly lessthan the stellar mass-size relation from the local early type relations, whichwe attribute to a lower central dark matter fraction. Recent cosmologicalmerger simulations qualitatively agree with the data, but can not fully accountfor the evolution in the dark matter fraction. The z~2 FP requires additionalevolution beyond passive stellar aging, to be in agreement with the local FP.The structural evolution predicted by the cosmological simulations isinsufficient, suggesting that additional, possibly non-homologous structuralevolution is needed.

Deep Absorption Line Studies of Quiescent Galaxies at z~2: The Dynamical Mass-Size Relation, and First Constraints on the Fundamental plane