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Frequencies of magnetic patch processes on supergranule boundary, namely fluxemergence, splitting, merging, and cancellation, are investigated through anautomatic detection. We use a set of line of sight magnetograms taken by theSolar Optical Telescope (SOT) on board Hinode satellite. We found 1636 positivepatches and 1637 negative patches in the data set, whose time duration is 3.5hours and field of view is 112" \times 112". Total numbers of magneticprocesses are followed: 493 positive and 482 negative splittings, 536 positiveand 535 negative mergings, 86 cancellations, and 3 emergences. Total numbers ofemergence and cancellation are significantly smaller than those of splittingand merging. Further, frequency dependences of merging and splitting processeson flux content are investigated. Merging has a weak dependence on flux contentonly with a power- law index of 0.28. Timescale for splitting is found to beindependent of parent flux content before splitting, which corresponds to \sim33 minutes. It is also found that patches split into any flux contents with asame probability. This splitting has a power-law distribution of flux contentwith an index of -2 as a time independent solution. These results support thatthe frequency distribution of flux content in the analyzed flux range israpidly maintained by merging and splitting, namely surface processes. Wesuggest a model for frequency distributions of cancellation and emergence basedon this idea.

Detection of flux emergence, splitting, merging, and cancellation of network field. I Splitting and Merging