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We present results from the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS), a uniquespectroscopic survey designed to explore the connection between galaxies andintergalactic baryons. The KBSS is optimized for the redshift range z ~ 2-3,combining S/N ~ 100 Keck/HIRES spectra of 15 hyperluminous QSOs with denselysampled galaxy redshift surveys surrounding each QSO sightline. We performVoigt profile decomposition of all 6000 HI absorbers within the full Lya forestin the QSO spectra. Here we present the distribution, column density,kinematics, and absorber line widths of HI surrounding 886 star-forminggalaxies with 2.0 < z < 2.8 and within 3 Mpc of a QSO sightline. We find thatN_HI and the multiplicity of HI components increase rapidly near galaxies. Thestrongest HI absorbers within ~ 100 physical kpc of galaxies have N_HI ~ 3 dexhigher than those near random locations in the IGM. The circumgalactic zone ofmost enhanced HI absorption (CGM) is found within 300 kpc and 300 km/s ofgalaxies. Nearly half of absorbers with log(N_HI) > 15.5 are found within theCGM of galaxies meeting our photometric selection, while their CGM occupy only1.5% of the cosmic volume. The spatial covering fraction, multiplicity ofabsorption components, and characteristic N_HI remain elevated to transversedistances of 2 physical Mpc. Absorbers with log(N_HI) > 14.5 are tightlycorrelated with the positions of galaxies, while absorbers with lower N_HI arecorrelated only on Mpc scales. Redshift anisotropies on Mpc scales indicatecoherent infall toward galaxies, while on scales of ~100 physical kpc peculiarvelocities of 260 km/s are indicated. The median Doppler widths of absorberswithin 1-3 virial radii of galaxies are ~50% larger than randomly chosenabsorbers of the same N_HI, suggesting higher gas temperatures and/or increasedturbulence likely caused by accretion shocks and/or galactic winds.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

The Gaseous Environment of High-z Galaxies: Precision Measurements of  Neutral Hydrogen in the Circumgalactic Medium of z ~ 2-3 Galaxies in the Keck  Baryonic Structure Survey