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We present Chandra studies of the X-ray binary (XRB) populations in the bulgeand ring regions of the ring galaxy NGC 1291. We detect 169 X-ray point sourcesin the galaxy, 75 in the bulge and 71 in the ring, utilizing the four availableChandra observations totaling an effective exposure of 179 ks. We reportphotometric properties of these sources in a point-source catalog. There are~40% of the bulge sources and ~25% of the ring sources showing >3\sigmalong-term variability in their X-ray count rate. The X-ray colors suggest thata significant fraction of the bulge (~75%) and ring (~65%) sources are likelylow-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). The spectra of the nuclear source indicatethat it is a low-luminosity AGN with moderate obscuration; spectral variabilityis observed between individual observations. We construct 0.3-8.0 keV X-rayluminosity functions (XLFs) for the bulge and ring XRB populations, taking intoaccount the detection incompleteness and background AGN contamination. We reach90% completeness limits of ~1.5\times10^{37} and ~2.2\times10^{37} erg/s forthe bulge and ring populations, respectively. Both XLFs can be fit with abroken power-law model, and the shapes are consistent with those expected forpopulations dominated by LMXBs. We perform detailed population synthesismodeling of the XRB populations in NGC 1291, which suggests that the observedcombined XLF is dominated by an old LMXB population. We compare the bulge andring XRB populations, and argue that the ring XRBs are associated with ayounger stellar population than the bulge sources, based on the relativeoverdensity of X-ray sources in the ring, the generally harder X-ray color ofthe ring sources, the overabundance of luminous sources in the combined XLF,and the flatter shape of the ring XLF.

Probing the X-Ray Binary Populations of the Ring Galaxy NGC 1291