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There is an observational correlation between astrophysical shocks andnon-thermal particle distributions extending to high energies. As a first steptoward investigating the possible feedback of these particles on the shock atthe microscopic level, we perform particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of asimplified environment consisting of uniform, interpenetrating plasmas, bothwith and without an additional population of cosmic rays. We vary the relativedensity of the counterstreaming plasmas, the strength of a homogeneous parallelmagnetic field, and the energy density in cosmic rays. We compare the earlydevelopment of the unstable spectrum for selected configurations without cosmicrays to the growth rates predicted from linear theory, for assurance that thesystem is well represented by the PIC technique. Within the parameter spaceexplored, we do not detect an unambiguous signature of any cosmic-ray-inducedeffects on the microscopic instabilities that govern the formation of a shock.We demonstrate that an overly coarse distribution of energetic particles canartificially alter the statistical noise that produces the perturbative seedsof instabilities, and that such effects can be mitigated by increasing thedensity of computational particles.

Could Cosmic Rays Affect Instabilities in the Transition Layer of Nonrelativistic Collisionless Shocks?