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We present new Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations at 235 MHz and610 MHz of 18 X-ray bright galaxy groups. These observations are part of anextended project, presented here and in future papers, which combineslow-frequency radio and X-ray data to investigate the interaction betweencentral active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the intra-group medium (IGM). Theradio images show a very diverse population of group-central radio sources,varying widely in size, power, morphology and spectral index. Comparison of theradio images with Chandra and XMM-Newton X-ray images shows that groups withsignificant substructure in the X-ray band and marginal radio emission at >= 1GHz host low-frequency radio structures that correlate with substructures inIGM. Radio-filled X-ray cavities, the most evident form of AGN/IGM interactionin our sample, are found in half of the systems, and are typically associatedwith small, low- or mid-power double radio sources. Two systems, NGC5044 andNGC4636, possess multiple cavities, which are isotropically distributed aroundthe group center, possibly due to group weather. In other systems theradio/X-ray correlations are less evident. However, the AGN/IGM interaction canmanifest itself through the effects of the high-pressure medium on themorphology, spectral properties and evolution of the radio-emitting plasma. Inparticular, the IGM can confine fading radio lobes in old/dying radio galaxiesand prevent them from dissipating quickly. Evidence for radio emission producedby former outbursts that coexist with current activity is found in six groupsof the sample.

A combined low-radio frequency/X-ray study of galaxy groups I. Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations at 235 MHz and 610 MHz