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Using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 4 (DR 4), weinvestigate the spatial distribution of low and high surface brightnessgalaxies (LSBGs and HSBGs, respectively). In particular, we focus our attentionon the influence of interactions between galaxies on the star formationstrength in the redshift range $0.01 < z < 0.1$. With cylinder counts andprojected distance to the first and fifth-nearest neighbor as environmenttracers, we find that LSBGs tend to have a lack of companions compared to HSBGsat small scales ($<2$ Mpc). Regarding the interactions, we have evidence thatthe fraction of LSBGs with strong star formation activity increases when thedistance between pairs of galaxies ($r_{p}$) is smaller than about four timesthe Petrosian radius ($r_{90}$) of one of the components. Our results suggestthat, rather than being a condition for their formation, the isolation of LSBGsis more connected with their survival and evolution. The effect of theinteraction on the star formation strength, measured by the average value ofthe birthrate parameter $b$, seems to be stronger for HSBGs than for LSBGs. Theanalysis of our population of LSBGs and HSBGs hosting an AGN show that,regardless of the mass range, the fraction of LSBGs having an AGN is lower thanthe corresponding fraction of HSBGs with an AGN. Also, we observe that thefraction of HSBGs and LSBGs having an AGN increases with the bulge luminosity.These results, and those concerning the star-forming properties of LSBGs as afunction of the environment, fit with the scenario proposed by some authorswhere, below a given threshold of surface mass density, low surface brightnessdisks are unable to propagate instabilities, preventing the formation andevolution of massive black holes in the centers of LSBGs.

Low Surface Brightness Galaxies in the SDSS: the link between environment, star-forming properties and AGN