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We present Cygnus X in a new multi-wavelength perspective based on anunbiased BLAST survey at 250, 350, and 500 micron, combined with rich datasetsfor this well-studied region. Our primary goal is to investigate the earlystages of high mass star formation. We have detected 184 compact sources invarious stages of evolution across all three BLAST bands. From theirwell-constrained spectral energy distributions, we obtain the physicalproperties mass, surface density, bolometric luminosity, and dust temperature.Some of the bright sources reaching 40 K contain well-known compact H IIregions. We relate these to other sources at earlier stages of evolution viathe energetics as deduced from their position in the luminosity-mass (L-M)diagram. The BLAST spectral coverage, near the peak of the spectral energydistribution of the dust, reveals fainter sources too cool (~ 10 K) to be seenby earlier shorter-wavelength surveys like IRAS. We detect thermal emissionfrom infrared dark clouds and investigate the phenomenon of cold ``starlesscores" more generally. Spitzer images of these cold sources often show stellarnurseries, but these potential sites for massive star formation are ``starless"in the sense that to date there is no massive protostar in a vigorous accretionphase. We discuss evolution in the context of the L-M diagram. Theory raisessome interesting possibilities: some cold massive compact sources might neverform a cluster containing massive stars; and clusters with massive stars mightnot have an identifiable compact cold massive precursor.

The Balloon-Borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) 2005: A 10 deg^2 Survey of Star Formation in Cygnus X