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Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous events in the Universe. Going beyondthe short-long classification scheme we work in the context of three burstpopulations with the third group of intermediate duration and softest spectrum.We are looking for physical properties which discriminate the intermediateduration bursts from the other two classes. We use maximum likelihood fits toestablish group memberships in the duration-hardness plane. To confirm theseresults we also use k-means and hierarchical clustering. We use Monte-Carlosimulations to test the significance of the existence of the intermediate groupand we find it with 99.8% probability. The intermediate duration population hasa significantly lower peak-flux (with 99.94% significance). Also, long burstswith measured redshift have higher peak-fluxes (with 98.6% significance) thanlong bursts without measured redshifts. As the third group is the softest, weargue that we have {related} them with X-ray flashes among the gamma-raybursts. We give a new, probabilistic definition for this class of events.

A distinct peak-flux distribution of the third class of gamma-ray bursts: A possible signature of X-ray flashes?